试论罪刑法定原则的实现.doc

摘要:罪刑法定原则是我国刑法规定中的一项基本原则，其基本含义是“法无明文规定不为罪”和“法无明文规定不处罚”。它通过把犯罪与刑罚明文规定，以限制国家权力，维护公民的合法权益。随着1997年3月14日《中华人民共和国刑法》的通过，罪刑法定原则也法典化，但是它的法典化不等于其现实化。罪刑法定原则的实现在立法上、司法解释上和实践中都存在着一定的缺陷。本文通过对国外罪刑法定原则的对比研究与借鉴，提出实现我国罪刑法定原则建议。实现我国罪刑法定原则需要我国立法机关、司法机关、执法机关和社会大众的共同努力，真正做到有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究，依法办案。

关键词：罪刑法定；刑法解释；刑事立法；司法环境

Abstract:Principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime is a fundamental principle of China’s Criminal Law. And, its basic meaning is “there is no crime without a law” and “there is no penalty without a law.” Through the clear stipulation of crime and penalty, Principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime will restrict the state power to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the citizens. However, there still exist many defects in legislation, judicial interpretation and even in the practice. Therefore, this thesis will put forward some suggestions on improving the Principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime by having a comparative study on and drawing a lesson from the foreign Principle of Legality. To improve China’s Principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime, China's legislature, judiciary, law enforcement agencies and the community should work together, and must resolutely implement the following principles: there are laws to go by; the law must be observed; the law enforcement must be strict and law -breakers are prosecuted.

Key words: legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime；Interpretation of criminal law；Interpretation of criminal law ；criminal legislation

　　　如果行为的危害性够大，应当规定为犯罪的而且也符合犯罪条件的，及时补充立法是有必要的。补充立法，就是包括刑法修正案和单行法规，以及在其他法律中附设有关新罪名的刑事条款。立法机关根据宪法，结合我国国情和我国同犯罪行为作斗争的情况迅速地修改立法，为罪刑法定原则提供比较齐备的法律依据。在补充立法的时候，我们必须遵循法不溯及既往原则。禁止事后法溯及既往，除非依据该法对行为的处理对行为人更加有利。在立法前，我们不适宜将法无明文规定的严重行为进行定罪量刑。同时，我们应该大力加强和规范法律解释工作。依据罪刑法定原则，法律解释不可能超越法律，特别是扩张解释，必须遵循这一原则。刑法的确定性与适应性必然是存在矛盾的。要想得到平衡，就是应该要充分发挥三种力量的作用，即司法能动的有限发挥，立法的适时跟进和社会对刑法无能的部分忍受。