摘要:湿度自动控制广泛应用于实验室、大棚、花圃、粮仓乃至土壤等各个领域，已成为21世纪的热门研究项目，是工农业生产过程和生活中必须考虑的因素。作为最常见的被控参数，湿度已经不再是相互独立的物理量，而应在系统中综合考虑。而传统的湿度控制则利用湿度表、毛发湿度表、双金属式测量计和湿度试纸等测试器材，这种人工控制的方法不仅费时费力、效率低，且随机性较大、误差大，因此就需要一种造价低廉、使用方便、计算精确且智能的湿度控制仪器。
本次设计的要求就是利用单片机和超声波加湿器对湿度控制，通过使用STC12C5A16AD单片机作为主控芯片，AM1001湿度传感器模块检测湿度数据，12864液晶显示屏模块显示空气湿度，超声波加湿器控制湿度组成了整个系统。首先通过AM1001数字湿度传感器把采集到的湿度数据传给单片机，经过单片机的处理，通过液晶模块将当前空气湿度实时显示。同时通过单片机对超声波加湿器进行控制，当湿度过低时，加湿器自动加湿，湿度过高时，加湿器自动停止加湿，从而达到自动控制室内空气湿度的目的。该系统具有控湿精度高、功能强、体积小、价格低、简单灵活等特点，成功达到了设计要求。
本次设计的室内空气湿度自动控制系统成功的实现了课题要求，将室内空气湿度控制在了75%RH～85%RH之内。
关键词：湿度 超声波 加湿器 自动控制 单片机
ABSTRACT:Humidity control widely used in laboratories, greenhouses, garden, barn and even the soil and other fields, has become a hot research projects of the 21st century, is the process of industrial and agricultural production and daily life must be considered. As the most common parameter to be controlled, humidity is no longer mutually independent physical quantities, but should be taken into account in the system. The humidity control is the use of traditional hygrometer, hair hygrometer, bimetal strips, etc. and humidity meter test equipment, this manual control method is not only time-consuming, inefficient, and the randomness of a larger error is large, and therefore need for a low cost, easy to use, accurate and intelligent computing humidity control instruments.
The design of the requirement is to use the microcontroller and ultrasonic humidifier for humidity control, through the use of STC12C5A16AD microcontroller as the master chip, AM1001 humidity sensor module detects humidity data, 12,864 LCD display module air humidity, ultrasonic humidifier humidity control consisting of the entire systems. Firstly AM1001 Digital Humidity Sensor the collected data to the microcontroller humidity, after MCU processing and accurate to the current air humidity display on the LCD screen. At the same time through the microcontroller to control the ultrasonic humidifier, humidifier automatically when the humidity is too low humidity, excessive humidity, the humidifier automatically stop humidification to achieve automatic control of indoor air humidity purposes. The system has high precision control humidity, strong function, small size, low price, simple and flexible features, the success of the design requirements.
The design of the indoor air humidity automatic control system successful realization of the project requirements, the indoor air humidity controlled at 75% RH ~ 85% RH.
Keywords: ultrasonic wave；humidifier；automatic control；MCU
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