英汉翻译《欧元区危机》第18章_英语论文.docx

内容简介

《欧元区危机》一书由伦敦大学亚非经济学院学家科斯塔斯·拉帕维萨(1961-)出版于2012年，该书是一本经济类书籍。该书主要讲述的是自2008年欧洲债务危机发生以后，由于信用紧缩各国政府纷纷出手援助银行，但是让各国崩溃的是主权债务危机，这给欧元区带来了沉重的打击。作者从诸多角度阐述了欧洲的紧缩政策会使欧洲债务危机更加严重，削减公共开支也意味着面临更长久的深度衰退及更沉重的债务负担，从而进一步危及银行业，甚至使货币联盟解体。该书向读者传递了一个具有争议性且具有核心作用的信息：欧洲贫困国家须退出欧元区。此举虽然在众多地区不受欢迎，但也很快受到整个欧洲大陆的呼吁：贫困国家须退出欧元区，减少本国损失或者降低接踵而至的更糟糕的困难。

本翻译实践，选译本书的第十八章内容。首先，本章主要通过给出两张表格：一是希腊公债股份及债务违约的具体表现；二是希腊违约的影响及退出欧元区的途径，来讨论影响希腊退出欧元区的因素、债务取消对国内国外银行的影响以及伴随银行的一些潜在风险、银行和原始赤字带来的国际损失，消耗希腊各银行的大部分资本以及希腊所面临的经济停滞、失业率上升的境况。

其次，希腊违约并退出欧元区是一个不容易的选择。选译章节也论述了调整路径的关键问题，例如货币问题、外汇问题。货币问题论述了转换新货币新德拉克马的好处和坏处，以及调整方案。而外汇问题主要论述了以下三点：汇率贬值使希腊恢复竞争力，释放国际压力；提高进口价格虽然降低了公民收入，但是进口价格短期内不会饱和，实际收入不由外部决；产量增加使工人就业增加。最后做出总结：虽然退出欧元区是一个不容易的选择，但最终结论还是利大于弊。

本书为经济类书籍，属于商务翻译范畴，所以选译部分自然要遵循商务翻译的规则，例如语气要正式客观，用词须准确，语法和句式须规范。且译文要忠实于原文，准确完整地表达原文的内容和思想。对于一些专业性词汇，为了便于读者阅读要做出补译，最好标明出处。为了便于理解，一些冗长复杂的句子最好断句翻译。

INTRODUCTION

CRISIS IN THE EUROZONE is an economic book which was published in 2012 by Costas Lapavitsas (1961- ), an economics professor at London’s School of Oriental and African Studies. This book reads that after European debt crisis which happened in 2008, governments around the world stepped into bail out the banks owing to the credit crunch. However, the sequel to that debacle is the sovereign debt crisis, which has hit the eurozone hard. The author sets forth from different angles that the European austerity policy makes the European debt crisis worse. Furthermore, cutting down public expenditure means a longer, deeper recession, which worsens the burden of debt, further imperils banks, and may soon spell the end of monetary union itself. This book conveys a controversial and core message to readers which is unwelcome in many quarter but soon to be echoed across the continent that impoverished states have to quit the euro and cut their losses or worse hardship will ensue.

This translation practice chose to translate the Chapter Eighteen. Firstly, this chapter shows two boxes and the first is holdings of Greek public debt by category and the second is paths of default and exit. Through these two boxes to discuss the reasons leading to Greece exiting from eurozone, the influences to both domestic, foreign banks of debt write-off, some potential risks to banks, international losses brought by banks and primary deficit and so on. All these consume most capitals of banks and make Greece economic stagnation, unemployment increasing and other circumstances like these.

Secondly, Greece default and exit EU is not an easy option. This chapter also discusses the key point of adjusting paths，like the monetary problem and the foreign exchange problem. The monetary problem reads that the advantages and the disadvantages of shifting the new currency into new drachma and proposal of adjustment. While the foreign exchange problem mainly discusses the following three points. The currency depreciation releases some of the pressure on economy by allowing it to recapture lost competitiveness. Raising the relative price of imports would certainly reduce the income of workers and others, but the import prices would not be full in the short run and the fall in real income would not be externally determined. Workers would benefit from the increased production and then boosting the employment. The last conclusion: although Greece default and exit is not an easy option, advantages are more than disadvantages.

This is an economic book, which certainly is included in business category, so translating this chapter need to obey the rules of business translation, for example, the tone shall be formal and objective, words shall be accurate, grammar and sentence shall be standardized. Thus the translation must not be far from the original article, expressing the original content and minds accurately and completely. For some professional words, in order to easily read, they shall have a supplementary translation and mark the origins. In order to easily understand, a certain kind of long sentences had better cut short to translate.