数形结合思想在小学数学教学中的应用及反思.doc

【摘要】  数形结合思想作为一种重要的数学思想，就是将抽象的数学语言与直观的图形结合起来，使抽象思维与形象思维结合起来，通过“数”与“形”之间的对应和转换来解决数学问题。本文以数形结合思想的内涵和作用为出发点，研究了数形结合思想在小学数学中的体现和应用，并在实习期间应用了数形结合思想来展开数学教学活动，并积极展开了反思，发现了教学中的问题并提出了如下对策：一、教师要加强学习数形结合思想的意识，仔细研读教材，运用数形结合思想设计教学;二、遵循学生的认知发展规律，巧设问题情境，激发学生的学习兴趣;三、结合学生的已有知识经验，紧密联系学生生活实际，找准“数形结合”的最佳渗入点;四、在练习和考评中运用数形结合思想，发挥运用数形结合思想解决问题的优势;五、国家加强宏观调控，更新教育观念，努力实现教育公平。

【关键词】  数学思想;数形结合思想;小学数学教学;应用;反思

【Abstract】  Several form combining ideas as a kind of important mathematics thought, is to abstract mathematical language combined with intuitive graphics, make the abstract thinking with image thinking, through the correspondence between “number” and “shape” and transformation to solve mathematical problems. In this paper, the connotation of the number form combining ideas and functions as a starting point, studies the number form combining ideas embodied in elementary school mathematics and applications, and the number form combining ideas during the internship application to mathematical teaching activities, and actively carried out reflection, found the problems in teaching and put forward the following countermeasures: first, teachers should strengthen learning the consciousness of the number form combining ideas, carefully read the teaching material, using the number form combining ideas design teaching; Second, follow the rules of student's cognitive development, artful set problem situation, improve the students' interest in learning; Third, combined with students' existing knowledge experience, closely the actual student life, find the number form combining best infiltration point; Four, in the practice and evaluation using the number form combining ideas, giving full play to the advantages of “the number form combining” to solve the problem; Five, the countries to strengthen macro-control, renewal education idea, trying to realize education fairness. 

【Key words】  Mathematical thinking method; Several form combining ideas; The elementary school mathematics teaching; Application; Reflection