教科书内容的阶层偏见分析_教育科学.doc

摘要：教科书是一种特殊的知识载体，它包含了丰富的内容，是学生学习知识，形成观念的重要媒介。教科书内容的偏差对教师的教学和学生的学习会产生直接的影响。本文尝试从社会学的视角切入，以小学语文教科书为例，尝试论述以下问题：一是考察小学语文教科书中存在的阶层偏见，发现中产阶层的倾向比较明显，并对教科书中所体现的中产阶层特征做出概括；二是探讨教科书呈现出中产阶层偏见这种倾向的原因；三是分别从教科书的编写、选择、使用和知识考察的角度提出对消除这些偏见可能行之有效的方法。通过研究，论文旨在为教科书的编写与修订提供更多依据，并借此导正小学语文教学中的阶层偏见问题。

关键词：教科书   中产阶层   偏见

Abstract：Textbook is a special kind of knowledge carrier, it contains a wealth of content, and it is an important media for the students to learn knowledge and form ideas. The bias of textbook contents will affect teachers' teaching and students' studying directly. This paper attempts to analysis the problem in a sociological way .I try to discuss the following issues in the example of elementary school language textbooks. First, examine elementary school language textbook bias exists in the class, which shows that it is obviously to see the tendency of the middle class, then  I make a  general of characteristics of the middle class reflected in textbooks. Second, try to find the reason why the textbooks have a tendency of middle class. Third, propose the effective method to solve the problem in the aspect in the writing, choosing, using and the test of textbooks. Through the research, the paper aims at preparation and revision of textbooks to provide more bases, and to guide language teaching in primary schools of class bias.

Keywords: textbook ，middle class，   bias

　　　教育质量与效率历来是国内外教育研究的关注重点，随着教育理念和方式的不断革新，针对教科书的研究渐渐走入人们的视线。教科书作为课程的主要载体之一，是学校课程的核心内容，由于其自身内容的可选择性较大，且作为实际教育教学过程中教学内容传递最直接最广泛的媒介，使得教科书的内容是否存在偏差这一问题具有十分深刻的现实意义。本文拟以语文教科书为例，尝试通过对其中课文部分内容的考察，对现行教科书的内容偏见问题进行探讨，揭示这种偏见可能存在的原因、影响，以及提出可以有效减少内容偏见的方法。