ABSTRACT:In the study of language in use, speech act theory is a major theory. It was introduced by the Oxford philosopher John L. Austin. He argues that to say something is to make speech acts. Besides, he classified speech acts into locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act. American philosopher John R. Searle further developed Austin’s theory with improvement and criticism. In addition, Searle is famous for categorizing illocutionary act as assertives, directives, commissives, expressives and declarations. Based on Searle’s classification of illocutionary act, this paper will mainly analyze conversations in Friends Season 8 to show that the lines of the show bring humorous effects to the audience by the violation of felicity conditions of illocutionary acts.
Key words: illocutionary acts, humorous effects, conversation
摘要:在语用学中，言语行为理论是一个重要理论。言语行为理论最初由英国牛津大学语言学家Austin提出。Austin认为说话就是产生言语行为的过程。除此之外，Austin将言语行为为分言内行为，言外行为与言后行为。其后美国语言学家Searle将此理论做出修改及整理，并将言外行为分为阐述类，指令类，承诺类，表达类，和宣告类。本文以Searle的理论为依据，分析美剧《六人行》第八季中的对话是通过违反言外行为的合适条件从而产生幽默效果的。
关键词：言外行为 幽默效果 对话
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