前轮驱动轿车驱动桥与前悬架设计及三维建模_车辆工程.pdf

摘要:驱动桥作为汽车四大总成之一，它的性能的好坏直接影响整车性能，而对于轿 车显得尤为重要。驱动桥的结构型式按工作特性分，可以归并为非断开式驱动桥和 断开式驱动桥两大类。现代汽车大多采用传动效率高的单级减速断开式驱动桥，配 以独立悬挂，可以提高汽车的行驶稳定性；左右车轮单独跳动，互不相干，能减小 车身的倾斜和震动。本文参照传统驱动桥的设计方法进行了轿车前驱动桥的设计。 首先确定主要部件的结构型式和主要设计参数；然后参考类似驱动桥的结构，确定 出总体设计方案；之后对主，从动锥齿轮，差速器圆锥行星齿轮，半轴齿轮，半浮 式半轴和的强度进行校核以及对支承轴承进行了寿命校核。最后，是对轿车前悬架 的设计。它的性能直接影响汽车行驶平顺性、操纵稳定性等方面。本文首先对形式 不同的悬架的优缺点进行了比较，然后定下所设计轿车前悬架的形式——麦弗逊式 悬架。然后围绕麦弗逊式悬架的部件进行设计。先是弹簧的设计计算，再是导向机 构选型，最后是减振器的计算选型。

关键词：前轮驱动轿车，驱动桥，单级减速桥，麦弗逊式悬架

Abstract:　Drive axle is the one of automobile four important assemblies. It's performance directly influence on the entire automobile, especially for the car. According to work, the structure of drive axle can be divided into two kinds: integral drive axles and divided axle two  kinds.  Most  modern  cars  use  high  transmission  efficiency  of  the  single-stage reduction drive axle, match with independent suspension, can improve the car's driving stability; about beating the wheel alone, independent of each other, can reduce the body's tilt and vibration. This design following the traditional designing method of the drive axle. First, make up the main parts structure and the key designing parameters; thus reference to the similar driving axle structure, decide the entire designing project ; then check the strength  of  the  axle  drive  bevel  pinion,  bevel  gear  wheel  ,the  differential  planetary pinion，differential side gear ,semi-floating axle shaft and the life expecting of carrier bearing . Finally, is the front suspension design. Its performance directly affects vehicle ride comfort, handling and stability and so on. First of all, I have a different form of a suspension of the advantages and disadvantages compared to the previous suspension of the car and then set the design in the form of a front suspension - a McPherson suspension.Then design around Macpherson suspension components. First spring design calculation, and then the design is oriented institutions, and finally the calculation of shock absorber selection.

Keywords:  Front-wheel drive car, drive axle, single-stage reduction drive axle, Macpherson suspension