摘 要:中国自20世纪80年代起，开始建立市场经济体制。在各个方面都开始了向国际化接轨的 趋势。国有企业也好，私有企业也好，面对着经济全球化的大局势，既拥有了新机遇，也面临着新挑战。如今，中国的大部分行业也处于买方主导的市场环境，一个企业想要立于不败之地，并拥有核心的竞争力，就必须通过改革使自己拥有迅速响应顾客需求的能力。在这种环境的驱动下，供应链管理成为企业管理越来越重视的领域。供应链管理的意义在于对企业各种目标进行优化，在这其中，实现供应链成本的最小化是重点工作，要达到这个目标，一个重要的方面就是处在供应链环节的各企业如何有效的管理供应链中的库存。
坚果炒 货是典 型的快速 消费品，同时也是受到 我国各族 人民喜爱 的传统食品。这类产品从生产到消费的流通速度很快，生命周期比较短。因此，受市场波动的影响很大，如果没有做好准确的市场预测，制定正确的生产计划，很可能造成产品积压或缺货的现象。而作为面向大众的食用类商品，食品安全直接与企业的信誉挂钩，决定着企业的生死存亡。近些年来，我国的坚 果炒货行业呈 现持续快速 增长 的态势。然而，由于管理和经营知识的不足，管理方式比较落后，企业规模的壮大导致了产品大量积压的问题。QQ公司是中国坚果炒货行业的龙头企业，市场占有率一直排名全国第一。然而，随着销售规模的庞大，客户种类繁多，个性化程度越来越高，企业为了满足客户的需求不得不大规模提高产量，从而导致库存量越来越大。混乱的管理不仅影响了QQ公司在客户心中的形象，也使得公司的利益蒙受损失。因此，合理的进行库存管理对QQ公司具有非常重要的意义。
本文先总结了库存管理理论研究的状况，介绍了VMI、JMI和CPFR三种供应链环境下的库存管理方法。描述了坚果炒货行业的现状，分析了这一类商品的库存特点。结合QQ公司的实际情况，对QQ公司的库存状况进行了分析，总结出QQ公司库存管理存在的问题和原因。
基于QQ公司的实际情况，从库存控制和库存预测两个方面介绍了QQ公司的优化措施。详细介绍了SAP软件在库存控制方面的运用以及基于SAPCRM的CPFR库存管理模式对公司预测能力的提高。并分析了在实施这些措施时可能遇到的问题以及解决方式。
关键词：库存管理; 坚果炒货; 需求预测 ;信息化
ABSTRACT:Since the 1980s,China has transformed the economy from planed economy to market economy, which has brought Chinese economy more in line with international practice. In the new economic situation, both state-owned enterprise and private enterprise were facing the unprecedented opportunities and challenges. Due to the environment of market currently controls by buyer in the most industries of China, an enterprise must has the ability of rapid response to customer to achieve unwavering success with core competitiveness. In this competitive environment, supply chain management has become one field which is an increasing attention in enterprise management. The meaning of supply chain management is optimizing of various enterprise objectives, in which most significant one is costs minimum of the supply chain. In order to achieve this aim, an important part is that each enterprise, which in the supply chain, how to effectively manage inventory in supply chain.
Nuts is not only a typical fast moving consumer goods, but also is one of the most favorite traditional foods. Because this product's circulation is quick and life cycle is short from production to consumption, they could be easily affected by market fluctuation. If can not do an accurate market forecast and make a proper production planning, overstocked product or stockout may be occurred. As a consumption goods of great concern to the mass, food safety is directly closely related with company's reputation, which probably become one of the vital elements to the enterprise. China's Nuts business has been showing rapid growth for the past few years. However, due to the lack of knowledge of management and operation, management style is backward and enterprise is blindly improve the output, which lead to large amount of overstocked products.
Although QQ is leading company in Nuts business and always at the top of market share, with the huge scale of sales, wide variety of customers, increasing high degree of personalization, QQ had to significantly increase production to meet customer's demand, leading to growing inventory. The disorganized management not only tarnish QQ's image with end customers, but also makes the company have suffered. Therefore, a proper stock control system has significance to QQ company.
This article summarizes the research status of the theory of inventory management, and introduces inventory management method under three supply chain(VMI,JMI and CPFR). Secondly, it describes the current status of Nuts business, and analysis the trait of Nuts inventory. Combined with the real situation of QQ, analysis QQ's current inventory, and summed up the problems and reasons of QQ's inventory management. Then based on the real situation, this article also introduces the QQ's optimization measures from both inventory control and inventory forecasting. In addition. it gives a detailed introduction of using SAP software in inventory
control, using CPFR to improve the predictive ability based on SAPCRM. Finally, the article analysis the potential issues and solutions that may be encountered when implement measures.
Keywords: Inventory-management; nuts; predictive-ability; information-technology
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