【摘要】近二十年，新手与专家教师的研究已经成为教师成长的重要研究课题。很多相关的研究都是试图找到两类教师的差异性，寻求弥补差异的办法，以便帮助新手教师更好更快的成长。如今对新手与专家教师的比较已经取得很多成果，而关于新手与熟手教师的差异比较研究相对欠缺，对小学语文新手与熟手教师在语文课堂教学中理答行为的差异比较研究更少。本论文就是选择理答这一视角来进行新手与熟手教师的差异比较，以便于从这一视角寻找帮助新手教师优化自己理答行为的策略。
本研究各选取来自市区四所小学的三位新手教师和三位熟手教师，进行观摩课和日常课的观察，观察新手和熟手教师在语文课堂中的理答行为，进行差异比较分析，研究新手教师与熟手教师在课堂理答行为上的差异，探究其中存在差异的原因，试图寻找出帮助新手教师提高理答水平，缩小与熟手教师差异的策略。本研究通过课堂观察、录像回顾查看、教师交流访谈、比较分析等方法，笔者获得了新手与熟手教师在语文课堂中理答行为的各种资料。经过数据整理，比较分析，归纳总结，最终形成了本文。
论文依据“项阳工作室”对理答行为的分类制定了本研究的课堂理答观察量表，观察记录了新手与熟手教师在语文课堂上理答的具体表现，对观察数据进行比较分析得出差异，差异主要表现在新手教师的理答技巧应运较为死板；积极的理答行为较少；发展性理答缺失；评价低效，缺乏针对性；对学生没有足够的关注，另外，新手教师对理答的认识较为肤浅与模糊。因此笔者针对比较出的差异，提出了几点建议，希望能给予新手教师一些启示。
【关键词】 小学语文 阅读教学 新手教师 熟手教师 理答 比较
[Abstract] The research on new teacher and professional teacher has been the hot topic for about 20 years. Many researches try to find the difference between them, fixing the gap, to help the new ones to be better. Now, a lot of comparison between the new teacher and professional teacher has been done. However, the comparison about the difference between them is few. Also, the comparison between them in primary Chinese teaching's answering is fewer. This study, choose this point of view to compare the difference between new teacher and the professionals, to help the new ones to better their answering strategy.
This study have 6 teachers, 3 new and 3 professional, in the city town, to observe the answering in Chinese class during public lessons and daily lessons. And then, compare the difference, find the reason for the difference, also try to find out the strategy which help the new ones to better their answering and narrow the gap. The writer observes via class observing, recheck the video, talking to the teachers and comparison. The article finally finished.
According to the classify of answering by "Xiang Yang Studio", the writer made the observation format, to observe the specific answering actions. According to the result, the writer found the difference: the new teacher cannot use the answering strategy flexibly, they have fewer positive answering actions and developing answering than the professionals, their answering is lack of pertinence, and they pay little attention to students.Also, the new teachers know the answering in a shallow way. Therefore, the writer comes up with some advises on the basis of the difference, hoping to inspire the new teachers.
【Key words】 primary school language; eading instruction; proficient teachers; novice teachers; arationale; comparison.
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